Biomedical engineering in medicine engineering
When engineering principles are applied to the field of medicine engineering, it is often referred to as biomedical engineering or BME.
The basic aim and objective of study of this subject is to combine the problem solving skills of engineering with that of the principles of medicine engineering to achieve the best results of the health care of human beings and animals.
Most of the branches of biomedical engineering in medicine engineering are closely related to each other making it an inter-disciplinary study. For example, there is the newly developed concept of cosmetic surgery, an important component of medicine engineering as a whole, is one of the best examples of bio-medical engineering principles applied to the use of medicine engineering.
Other components are chemical, electrical, mechanical, medical, and optical engineering associated with medicine engineering that could be called biomedical engineering as well.
Medicine engineering does not only refer to the manufacturing and evolution of pharmaceutical drugs but that of medical equipments as well.
Clinical engineering, a part of both biomedical and medicine engineering, refers to management of medical equipments in a hospital.
The objective is to ensure safety and regulatory issues that typically support biomedical engineering and therefore medicine engineering. Clinical engineers work in close association with experts of medicine engineering.
Spacecraft. A Vehicle designed for Spaceflight
A vehicle designed for spaceflight is called a spacecraft. When the spacecraft travels on a sub-orbital flight, the vehicle travels to the outer-space and returns to Earth without taking a full orbit.
On the other hand, a spacecraft taking an orbital space flight completes the orbiting of the Earth before returning to the planetary surface.
Spacecrafts may be of two types, one that carries people as its crews or passengers, and the other is the robotic spacecraft which is controlled by either autonomously or tele-robotically.
The use of robotic spacecrafts are of two types, the one which leaves just vicinity of the Earth are called space probes, and the other which remain in orbit of the Earth are called artificial satellites.
There are quite a few uses of spacecraft that goes into the outer space. They are used for several purposes, which would include communication, meteorological assessments, warfare, navigation, planetary exploration, and many more.
Depending upon the purpose for which a spacecraft has been built, the vehicle may consist of several sub-systems, which are applicable to the mission profile of the spacecraft. Few of the important sub-assemblies are briefly discussed below.
Aerospace Systems. Civil and Military aircraft
Companies, like Boeing, subcontracts major sub-assemblies manufacturing for their aircrafts to specialized organisations, in order to create cost effective integrated aerospace systems.
These skilled organisations have expertise in digital, electrical power and mechanical systems. They are also involved in manufacturing critical and precision space craft engine components, from intake mechanisms to exhaust. All the components and systems supplied by these companies are backed by guaranteed service all over the world.
The capabilities of these organisations have given them with the recognition as the global providers of integrated innovative solutions for the civil and military aircrafts, which include engines, large transport planes to fighters, and from helicopters to regional and business jets.
Some of the systems, which are developed and manufactured by the outsourced companies, are discussed very briefly below.
Birth of aerodynamics and aerospace engineering
In the early days giant leaps were taken towards aviation, but almost no progress could be achieved. From the records it is found that mankind has been toying with the idea of flying for the past thousands of years, and was experimenting with aerodynamics.
There is innumerable number of instances when magicians have tried to fly towards heaven like birds. It is said that the magician took to the sky as people gathered below in huge numbers, and he rose to the sky with the help of the demons, and a prayer said at St. Peters, drove the demons away.
As years went by, people started to think about the theories behind flying. There were several theories which were forwarded, but the Newton’s law defied any opportunity to fly.
It was late 1800’s that the topic of aviation was seriously taken up. The thought of flying was regarded as an important contradiction with the birds flying in the heaven whiles this feat eluding the humans’ understanding.
There were several technical meetings held in the 1890’s to find out what force makes the birds and some insects fly which cannot be imitated by non-living objects. This meeting conferred upon the observation that a bird could glide through the sky without any noticeable motion of its wings, losing a little or no altitude. This was a mystery for some time to come. It was then concluded that, the birds use some sort of energy which they convert into a small turbulence which they use to fly.
This theory was later abandoned and it was thought that the birds used more of the up draft rather than the turbulence.
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