Nanoengineering

Nanoengineering is based on fundamental theory, engineering practice, and leading-edge technologies in fabrication of nanoscale systems, subsystems, devices, and structures that have dimensions of nanometers.

Nanoengineering deals with devising (synthesis), design, analysis, and optimization of nanoscale structures, devices, and systems that exhibit and utilize novel physical (electro-magnetic, electromechanical, electrochemical, optical, etc.), chemical, electrochemical, and biological properties, phenomena, and effects that can be discovered, examined, and predicted by nanoscience (fundamental laws).

Using the pure sizing classification, the dimension of nanosystems and their components (nanostructures) is from 10-10 m (atom/molecule size) to 10-7 m, that is, from 0.1 to 100 nm. To fabricate nanostructures, nanotechnology is applied.
Nanostructures have been proposed as environmental cleaning agents, chemical detection agents, for the creation of biological (or artificial) organs, for the development of nanoelectronic mechanical systems (NEMS), and for the development of ultrafast, ultradense electrical and optical circuits.

The future trends of nanoengineering would be (1) Reducing the size of systems while maintaining their functions (compact personal computer utilizing MEMS), (2) Integrating functions to compact size systems (DNA chips for medical application utilizing MEMS), (3) Innovating and improving system performance by adding micro- and nano-scale function to macroscale engineering applications (macroscale engineering application of microscale and nanoscale phenomena), (4) Increasing the efficiency of existing macroscale products by improving microscale factors that limit their performance (increasing turbine efficiency and compressor efficiency).

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